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Home  Mission  Lesson 

PREr’ARKI)  BY  MaRV  O.  llURDETTK 


LESSON  IV.  - THE  INDIANS. 


Koinntty.  Onoe  a Kiowa  Warrior 


ISSL'EI)  TiY  the: 

W’oman’s  American  Baptist  Home  Mission  Society 

2iH)9  Vernon  Avenue,  Ohieago,  111. 

Uc  vised  1910 


Miss  .Imiii  Gwon.  now  Mrs.  George  Hunt  in  Indian  Dress.  Site  is  ilie  Dangliter  of  tlic 
Famous  Old  Warrior  Sulans 


Home  Mission  Lesson 

Prkpaked  by  Mary  G.  Burdette 


LESSON  IV.  THE  INDIANS. 

I.  What  can  you  say  of  the  origin  of  the  name  Indian,  as  applied  to 
tlie  red  men  of  America? 

The  red  men  of  America  were  called  Indians  by  Columbus  and  his 
followers,  first,  because  of  a real  or  fancied  resemblance  to  the  inhaliitants 
of  India,  and  again  because  it  was  believed  that  the  land  discovered  was 
a part  of  the  Indies,  hence  the  islands  were  called  the  West  Indies  and 
their  inhabitants  Indians,  and  the  name  was  afterward  made  to  include 
all  the  aboriginal  inhabitants^  of  America. 

2 What  is  known  concerning  the  origin  of  the  North  American  In- 
dians? 

Nothing  is  known,  although  theories  are  numerous,  and  some  of  them 
very  i)lausil)le. 

'I'hat  they  are  one  of  the  older  races  of  the  human  family  cannot  be 
doubted,  but  at  what  dale  or  by  what  roiute  they  came  to  the  wes)tel"n 
world  is  still  an  unsolved  problem.  Until  further  research  shall  throiw 
additional  light  upon  the  history  and  migrations  of  the  primitive  races, 
the  origin  of  these  tribes  of  red  men  in  America  will  remain  shrouded  in 
mystery. 

What  were  found  to  be  some  of  the  most  marked  national  charac- 
istics  of  the  North  .-Xmerican  Indian? 

Speaking  generally,  there  was  first  a certain  sense  of  personal  inde- 
pendence. willfulness  of  action,  or  freedom  from  restraint;  second,  a 
fondness  for  the  chase,  and  third,  a passion  for  war. 

4.  Did  these  Indians  manifest  any  religious  sense? 

The  Indians  were  very  superstitious.  They  believed  in  a Great  Spirit 
everywhere  ruling  the  elements,  showing  favor  for  the  good  and  punishing 
the  bad.  Him  they  worshiped.  They  believed  also  in  many  subordinate 
-pirits,  some  good  and  some  bad.  The  bad  spirits  were  supposed  to  bring 
all  rtie  evil,  and  the  good  spirits  all  the  desirable  things  of  life.  The 
medicine  men  were  l)elicved,  by  fasting  and  prayer,  to  obtain  a knowledge 
of  the  will  and  purposes  of  the  spirit  world,  and  reveal  them  to  the  peo- 
l>le.  riie  religious  ceremonies  of  the  Indians  were  performed  with  great 
earnestness  and  with  serious  formality. 

5.  In  what  estimate  were  their  women  held? 

The  Indian  woman  was  generally  a degraded  creature — a drudge,  a 
beast  of  burden,  and  the  social  principle  was  correspondingly  low. 

6.  Such  are  some  of  the  things  told  us  of  the  Indians  at  the  time  of 
the  discovery  of  this  continent  by  the  whites:  but  have  not  the  more  than 
four  hur.drcd  years  of  Christian  occupancy  of  the  land  resulted  in  marked 
changes  for  the  better? 

Would  we  could  say  that  all  these  things  are  but  memories,  records 
of  a time  that  is  wholly  past  in  the  history  of  our  country,  but  what  shall 


4 


HOME  MISSION  LESSON 


we  say  when  we  are  told  that  out  of  the  nearly  300,000  Indians  in  our 
land  inaiiy  thousands  have  not  yet  heard  the  gospel ; tliat  of  those  now 
dwelling  in  our  western  lands  there  are  still  many  tribes  who  have  no 
missionary,  and  thatl  in  his  wild  state  the  Indian  is  to-day.  as  far  as  he 
dares  he,  just  what  he  was  at  the  time  our  Christian  forefathers  began 
the  work  of  dispossessing  him  and  possessing  themselves  of  the  land  of 
his  forefathers? 

7.  What  are  the  greatest  needs  of  the  Indians? 

In  two  words ; Christianity  and  education. 

8.  What  have  been  some  of  the  things  which  have  rendered  work 
among  the  Indians  peculiarly  difficult? 

In  the  first  place  each  tribe  has  a distinct  foreign  speech,  in  most 
cases  difficult  and  unwritten ; in  the  second,  over  the  whereabouts  of 
the  red  men  in  the  past  there  hung  a terrible  cloud  of  massacre  and 
llame;  and  thirdly,  their  nomadic  habits  and  frequent  forced  removals,  in 
many  cases,  rendered  any  continued  missionary  labor  among  them  ex- 
tremely difficult. 

9.  Were  these  difficulties  insurmountable? 

They  were  not.  There  have,  from  the  first,  been  found  brave,  con- 
secrated spirits,  who  penetrated  the  fastness  of  the  wild  tribes,  and  fol- 
lowed them  in  their  flights : and  in  times  of  peace,  while  they  have  tar- 
ried in  their  lodges,  made  their  abode  with  them,  and  patiently  and  lov- 
ingly taught  them  the  way  of  life. 

10.  Were  the  results  of  these  labors  such  as  to  encourage  others  to 
enter  into  them? 

Gospel  work  among  the  Indians  has  l)een  encouraging  except  when  . 
nullified  by  the  wrong-doings  of  the  whites.  The  stories  of  the  mission- 
ary labors  among  the  Indians  of  New  England  and  Pennsylvania  in  Col- 
onial times  read  like  a romance,  and  in  recent  and  more  flavorable  times 
such  work  has,  generally,  been  rewarded  with  success. 

GLIMPSES  AT  THE  WORK  OE  BAPTISTS. 

From  the  Home  Mission  Jubilee  Volume  we  glean  the  following  infor- 
mation ; The  first  organized  efforts  of  American  Baptists  for  the  evan- 
gelization of  the  Pagan  Indians  of  North  America  appear  to  have  been 
put  forth  in  the  present  century,  in  connection  wi(th  other  mission  work 
undertaken  by  societies  formed  at  this  period. 

In  1809  the  Massachusetts  Missionarj^  Society  report  that  they  had 
been  engaged  for  two  years,  in  connection  with  the  New  York  Missionary 
Society,  in  the  support  of  a mission  among  the  Tuscarora  and  other  In- 
dian tribes  in  the  northwestern  part  of  New  York.  They  also  report, 
as  a result,  a church  organized,  and  its  members  “well  instructed  in  the 
doctrines  and  ordinances  of  the  Gospel.”  In  1819  the  Hamilton  Baptist 
Missionary  Society  appointed  a missionary  to  labor  among  the  Oneidas, 
and  opened  a school  for  their  children,  whose  proficiency  in  learning  was 
reported  as  “truly  flattering.” 

The  General  Missionary  Convention  of  the  Baptist  Denomination  in 
the  United  States  of  America  for  Foreign  Missions  was  organized  in 


HOME  MISSION  LKSSON 


u 


May,  1814.  At  its  first  triennial  meeting,  held  in  May,  1817,  the  condi- 
tion and  claims  of  the  various  tribes  of  Indians  in  the  United  States  re- 
ceived a large  measure  of  attention,,  and  the  Board  soon  after  appointed 
Rev.  Isaac  McCoy  as  an  itinerant  missionary  in  Indiana  and  Illinois,  as- 
signing him  special  work  among  the  Indians  of  that  region,  and  Rev. 
Humphrey  Posey  to  labor  among  the  Cherokees  of  North  Carolina.  These 
appointments  were  followed  by  those  of  Rev.  Evan  Jones  and  others, 
and  the  work  continued  bj-  the  General  Convention  and  its  successor,  the 


Ilopi  Woman  Making  Pikl,  .\rizona 


Missionary  Union,  until  1865,  when  it  was  transferred  to  the  American 
Baptist  Home  Mission  Society. 

Under  the  “Convention"  and  “Union"  marked  attention  was  given  to 
educational  and  industrial  interests.  Schools  were  established,  in  which 
English  was  taught,  and  in  whose  support  the  United  States  government 
co-operated. 

Black-smithing,  carpentry,  and  agriculture  were  taught  the  males,  and 
spinning,  knitting,  weaving,  and  the  essential  brandies  of  liousewiferv  the 
femali-,  A-.  a result  of  these  efforts  we  read,  in  1827,  concernin.g  one 


If0x\n<:  MISSIOX  LKSSOX 


(■) 


tril)e  thus  aided : “The  Cherokces  are,  as  a nation,  civilized.  Tlicy  cul- 
tivate their  farms,  they  have  horses,  goats,  sliccp.  and  swine.  'I'hey  raise 
corn,  cotton,  tol)acco,  wheat,  oats,  indigo,  sweet  and  Irish  potatoes;  they 
carry  on  a considerable  trade  with  the  adjoining  states.  There  are  puh- 
lie  roads,  the  houses  of  entertainment  kept  hy  natives;  cotton  and  woolen 
cloth  are  manufactured ; nearly  all  of  the  merchants  are  native  Chero- 
kees;  a regular  go\ernment  is  established,  with  two  legislative  houses, 
courts  of  justice,  etc.,  the  officers  of  which  are  natives;  a written  lang- 
uage, invented  hy  a native,  is  in  use  among  them ; they  have  a printing 
office,  and  have  just  issued  a newspaper.  Schools  are  increasing  every 
year.  There  are  several  Christian  churches  in  the  nation.  In  fact,  the 
Cherokees  present  the  aspect  and  the  elements,  at  least,  of  a regular,  civ- 
ilized nation.”* 

Prior  to  the  breaking  out  of  the  Civil  War,  in  i86i,  the  “Missionary 
Convention”  and  “Missionary  Union”  had  sent  to  the  Indians  si.xty  mis- 
sionaries, die  religious  results  of  whose  labors  may  be  inferred  by  the 
statement  that  during  these  years  2,000  Indian  converts  had  l)cen  bap- 
tized. 

Missionary  operations  in  the  Indian  Territory  were,  in  1861.  inter- 
rupted hy  the  Civil  War,  and  when  the  work  was  resumed  it  was  by 
the  “American  Baptist  Home  Mission  Society,”  to  which  it  had  been 
transferred  from  the  “Missionary  Union."  At  this  time  the  living  mis- 
sions of  the  Union  were  but  two,  viz.,  those  among  the  Cherokees,  and 
the  Delawares  and  Shawnees,  in  the  Indian  Territory. 

In  the  report  of  the  American  Baptist  Home  Mission  Society  for 
1905-06  we  learn  that  twenty-four  missionaries  had  been  employed  during 
the  year  among  the  Indians,  and  twenty-three  teachers,  including  those 
supported  hy  Women’s  Home  Mission  Societies.  There  are  now  (1910) 
in  Oklahoma,  about  seventy  Indian  Baptist  churches,  with  an  estimated 
mcmiicrship  of  nearly  4,100. 

Among  the  blanket  Indians  of  Oklalioma,  the  Wichita,  about  five 
miles  from  Anadarko,  is  the  oldest  Baptist  church.  Work  among  the 
Kiowas  was  begun  in  1892,  and  a church  organized  at  Rainy  Mountain 
Creek  in  Januar\%  1893.  with  eight  members.  Subsequently  churches  were 
organized  among  the  Kiowas  at  Elk  Creek,  Saddle  Mountain,  and  Red 
Stone;  the  Comanches  near  Lawton;  the  Cheyennes  near  Kingfisher  and 
at  Watonga ; the  Arapahoes,  near  Watauga ; the  Arapahoes  and  Cheyennes 
at  Darlington  and  the  Osages  at  Pawhuska.  In  1907  the  membership 
of  tliese  churches  was  about  Coo. 

Established  in  Tahlequah  in  1879,  '>'’1  removed  in  June,  iS8().  to  Ba- 
cone,  near  Muskogee,  is  the  Baptist  Indian  University,  whose  primary  ob- 
ject was  the  training  of  native  teachers  and  preachers  for  a more  effective 
Christian  work  among  the  Indian  tribes.  Professor  A,  C.  Bacone  was 
the  devoted  and  honored  president  from  the  beginning  of  its  histor> 
until  April  22,  1896,  when  his  death  deprived  the  institution  of  his  servi- 
ces. Subsequently  the  position  has  been  successively  filled  hy  J.  H.  Scott. 

*Eleven  years  later,  in  1838,  tliese  Cherokees  were  forcibly  removed 
from  their  homes  in  the  South  to  the  wilds  of  Indian  Territory,  and  every- 
thing thrown  into  dire  confusion. 


HOMF.  MISSION  LKSSON 


7 


F.  B.  (juernscy  and  Rev.  W.  C.  Farmer,  INIr.  Collett  Blackman,  and  a 
largo  number  of  the  students  belong  to  the  white  race.  The  otlier  Bap- 
tist school  in  Oklahoma  is  Cherokee  Academy,  founded  at  Tahlequah  in 
1886.  The  total  enrollment  in  these  schools  is  458. 

WOMEN’S  WORK  FOR  INDIAN  M’OAIEN. 

As  among  the  pagan  nations  in  the  orient,  so  among  the  untutored 
Indians  of  America,  'the  direct  curses  x)f  heathenism  fall  on  woman. 

The  Indian  squaw  was  but  a piece  of  property,  to  be  cast  aside  by  its 
owner  when  it  had  served  its  purpose.  She  is  still  among  the  wild  tribes, 
and  until  Christianity  has  given  her  her  true  position,  buit  a slave,  sunken 
in  degradation  worse  than  death,  and  shrouded  in  a moral  and  spiritual 
darkness  than  which  on  earth  there  is  no  deeper.  In  her  pitiable  thrall - 
dom  slie  has  found  a voice  to  cry  for  help  to  her  Christian  sisters,  and 
the  ears  of  some,  at  least,  have  been  open  to  the  cry,  and  the  hands  of 
a few  are  even  now  reaching  out  to  meet  hers  and  lift  her  to  a higher 
plane  and  tiobler  life.  I'or  thirty-three  years  has  the  IComcn’s  Bat>- 
tisf  Home  Mission  Society,  now  the  IVoman’s  American  Baptist  Home 
Mission  Society,  had  its  representatives  on  Indian  soil,  seeking  to 
direct  in  the  paths  of  true  womanhood  those  to  whom  the  name  of  wife 
and  mother  have  been  hitherto  associated  chieflt',  if  not  entirely,  with  toil 
and  degradation.  Commissioner  Kingsley  spoke  no  idle  words  when  he 
said  in  one  of  his  reports : "An  essential  line  of  effort  looking  toward 
civilization  and  improvement,  and  one  that  has  been  overlooked,  is  that 
of  educating  the  women.” 

"Elevate  the  women  and  they  will  elevate  the  race."  No  power  out- 
si<le  of  Christianity  can  elevate  these  women.  Therefore.  Christianize 
the  women,  and  they  will  Christianize  the  race,  is  the  better  reading  of 
the  thought.  The  policy  of  the  Women’s  Baptist  Home  Mission  So- 
ciety was  shaped  by  this  conviction.  In  1878,  bearing  its  commission,  Mrs. 
E.  .\.  Shaw  and  Mrs.  C.  Bond  (a  Christian  Indian),  who  was  associated 
with  .Mrs.  Shaw  as  an  interpreter  and  co-laborer,  began  thdir  laborfs 
among  the  Choctaw  and  Chickasaw  Indians.  They  were  heartily  wel- 
comed by  the  people,  and  in  tlieir  efforts  combined  both  religions  and 
domestie  instructions.  While  the_v  son.ght  to  lead  the  impenitent  to 
Christ,  they  also  taught  Christian  women  how  to  he  useful  in  the  church, 
how  to  care  for  their  homes  and  the  comfort  of  their  families,  and  to 
train  their  children  in  right  ways,  I'hese  sisters,  we  are  told,  "were 
loved  :md  sought  by  all — full-bloods,  half-hrecds,  whites,  rich  and  poor, 
educated  and  ignorant,  refined  and  vulgar.”  The  following  year.  Mrs. 
Shaw,  who  had  now  become  IMrs.  Ingalls,  visited  with  her  husband  sev- 
eral of  the  less  civilized  tribes,  and  became  deeply  impressed  with  their 
need  of  just  such  work  as  that  contemplalted  by  our  society.  It  was  here 
that  she  heard  the  still  unanswered  question,  “Why  do  not  Christian 
women  in  the  States  send  us  teachers?  Is  it  because  we  are  so  near 
they  cannot  hear  our  cry?’'  Mrs.  Bond  became  Airs.  Robb,  and  resigned 
her  position,  and  Miss  Laura  A.  Elder  was  sent  to  the  Territory,  the 
field  of  labor  assigned  her  being  in  the  Seminole  nation,  in  which  there 
were  five  Baptist  churches. 


s 


HOME  MISSION  LESSON 


Airs.  Ingalls'  resignation  in  i88i  was  followed  by  the  appointment  of 
Miss  11.  Green,  who  for  a short  time  was  associated  with  Miss  Elder, 
hut  ill  health  prevented  her  continuance  on  the  field,  and  she  returned 
home  in  January,  1882. 

Miss  Kate  Ellett,  after  some  time  spent  in  preparation  in  the  Baptist 
Missionary  Training  School  at  Chicago,  was  sent  in  September,  1883.  to 


llopi  Dance  Kock.  Walpi.  .Vrizona 


the  Indian  University  at  Tahlequah.  as  a missionary  teacher.  The  so- 
ciety also  provided  during  that  year  the  support  of  l\Iiss  L.  Moore,  who 
had  previously  been  employed  in  the  school  as  a matron.  In  September, 
1884.  Miss  .\da  Bonham,  having  finished  her  cour.se  in  the  Training 
School,  received  the  appointment  of  missionary  teacher,  and  was  sent  to 
'rahleciuah  as  Miss  Ellett's  associate,  she  being  intrusted  especially  with 
the  industrial  training  of  the  girls,  while  Miss  Ellett  gave  her  personal 
attention  to  instruction  in  Bible  studies  and  hygiene,  requiring  the  prac- 
tice of  the  principles  taught. 


HOMl<:  MISSION  LESSON 


!) 


Miss  Emma  Parsons,  graduating  in  the  same  class  with  Miss  Bon- 
ham. received  her  appoir.tmcnt  at  the  same  time,  and  was  sent  at  first 
to  Sa-sak-wa  to  reinforce  Miss  Elder,  Init  soon  after  reaching  the  Terri- 
tory she  was  permitted  to  go  to  Levering  Mission  (a  school  of  the  South- 
ern Baptists,  to  help  in  an  emergency,  and  was  subsequently  transferred 
to  Ogden,  Utah. 

In  September  of  1887  Miss  Sadie  Bonham  was  appointed  to  help 
her  sister.  Miss  Ada,  in  the  Indian  University,  a vacancy  being  made  by 
the  appointment  of  Miss  Ellett  as  general  missionary.  Miss  Ellett  sub- 
sequently became  the  wife  of  Rev.  J.  S.  Murrow. 

Miss  Ada  Bonham  resigned  in  1896,  and  Miss  Sadie  Bonham  was  en- 
gaged to  fill  the  vacancy;  she  resigned  in  May,  1898. 

Since  the  openiirg  of  the  school  year  in  September,  1898,  the  society 
has  cmi)loycd  two  matrons  instead  of  one.  Those  who  liave  from  that 
lime  until  January.  IDIO.  successively  occupied  the  position  of  Matron 
at  Bacone  have  Ih-cu  Miss  Mina  B.  Morford,  Miss  .Anna  Mespelt,  Mrs. 
J.  II.  Scott.  Mrs.  II.  N.  Stookey,  Aliss  Huddie  Stookey,  Mrs.  J.  .A.  Ben- 
nett, Miss  Laura  K.  Dresser,  Miss  Effie  Procter,  Mrs.  E.  !■'.  Denton,  Miss 
Ina  Burton,  Mrs.  Mattie  (luest,  Mrs.  Emma  Ranch  and  Airs.  O.  F.  Bcchcc. 

In  1894  the  Seminole  Academy  was  moved  from  Sa-sak-wa  to  Ema- 
haka,  near  Wewoka,  Miss  Elder  retaining  her  position  until  the  close  of 
the  school  year,  Alay,  1898.  when  she  resigned,  and  the  following  De- 
cember became  the  wife  of  Rev.  J.  R.  Thompson,  and  Miss  Alice  E. 
Steer  became  her  successor,  entering  upon  her  duties  in  September.  1808. 
Mss  .Steer  has  continued  in  this  position  to  May,  1909,  giving  excellent 
satisfaction. 

Miss  Cora  Gridley  was  employed  from  December.  1894.  until  the  close 
of  the  school  year,  in  May,  1895,  at  Bacone,  to  substitute  for  Aliss  .Ada 
Bonham,  who  was  detained  at  home  by  the  illness  and  death  of  her 
aged  father.  In  September,  with  Aliss  Bonham’s  return.  Aliss  Gridley 
was  transferred  to  the  .Atoka  Indian  Academy,  where  she  labored  until 
the  close  of  the  school  year  in  May,  i8g6,  when  ill  health  compelled  her 
resignation,  and  Airs.  E.  II.  Rishel  was  appointed.  In  November,  1902, 
the  incorporation  of  the  Alurrow  Indian  Orphan  Home  practically  took  the 
place  of  the  .Academy.  Airs.  E.  H.  Rishel  retained  her  position,  and  Airs. 
Florence  Williams  was  appointed  associate  matron  and  given  charge  of 
the  boys.  Airs.  Williams’  successors  have  been  Aliss  Alary  .Andersen 
and  Airs.  F'lora  Wolfenden.  Airs.  Rishel's  request  for  release  for  a much- 
needed  rest  was  granted  in  December,  1906,  and  Airs.  \\A  P.  Blake  ap- 
pointed to  succeed  her  January  i,  1907. 

Atarch  i,  1905.  Aliss  AI.  .Annie  Eullerton  was  appointed  to  work  among 
the  Cherokee  Indians,  and  in  September  of  the  same  year  Mrs.  Ida  AIc- 
Intosh  was  sent  to  the  Cherokee  .Academy  at  Tahlequah  to  serve  as  matron. 

ROUXD  V.\LLEY. 

In  -April.  1887,  the  Indian  Alission  at  Covelo,  Round  Valley,  California, 
was  transferred  to  the  Women's  Baptist  Home  Alission  Society.  Miss 
.Anna  L.  Boorman  and  Alis.s  Claudia  J.  AVhite  were  the  missionaries  at 
this  station.  Owing  to  the  failure  of  Aliss  Boormans  health,  and  the  im- 


10 


IIOMK  MISSION  LIOSSON 


practicability  of  leaving  Miss  White  alone  on  this  isolated  reservation, 
work  at  this  station  was  suspended  in  June,  1888.  In  November,  1890. 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  J.  h'.  Merriam,  the  former  under  the  American  Baptist 
Home  Mission  Society,  the  latter  supported  by  the  Women’s  Baptist  Home 


•I  am  a .jolly  little  papoose,  Koing  ahead 
backwards." 


Mission  Society,  reopened  the  mission  at  Round  Valley,  hut  in  November, 
1801,  the  mission  house  was  burned,  and  finding  their  work  greatly  hin- 
dered, in  November,  1892.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Merriam  sadly  resigned,  and  left 
a field  where  there  was  an  open  door  and  many  adversaries. 


HOMK  MISSION  LKSSON 


11 


In  June,  1910,  we  have  three  mission  schools.  We  find  Miss  Alice 
Steer  as  matron,  and  Mrs.  Josephine  Himmell  as  teacher  in  the  Crow 
Indian  Mission,  Dodge  Grass,  Montana.  Mrs.  Beebe  and  Miss  Mina 
l-'orford  are  the  matrons  in  the  Baptist  Indian  University,  Bacone,  Okla- 
homa, Miss  Elizabeth  Johnson  and  Miss  Elsie  Ripley  as  matrons  and 
Miss  Harriet  Rogers  as  teacher  in  the  Orphanage,  Bacone.  Oklahoma. 

KIOWAS. 

The  society  began  its  work  among  the  blanket  Indians  of  Oklahoma  in 
October,  1892,  with  Miss  Maryetta  J.  Reeside  and  Miss  Lauretta  Ballew  as 
its  missionaries.  They  were  appointed  to  labor  among  the  Kiowas,  with 
headquarters  near  Rainy  Mountain.  Their  success  was  so  marked  and 
the  call  for  reinforcements  so  urgent  that  in  November,  1893,  Miss  Isa- 
bel Crawford  and  Miss  Hattie  Everts  were  sent  to  the  Kiowas,  with 
headquarters  at  Elk  Creek,  and  Julia  Given,  a Kiowa  young  woman  who 
had  been  educated  at  Carlisle,  Pa.,  was  em[)loyed  and  associated  with 
Miss  Reeside  and  Miss  Ikillew  as  assistant  missionary  and  interpreter. 

In  1895  Miss  Ballew  became  government  matron  on  the  Kiowa  re- 
servation, early  in  1897  Julia  Given  became  the  wife  of  George  Hunt, 
and  in  August.  1898,  a complete  breakdown  in  health  co(mpelled  Miss 
Reeside  to  leave  the  field.  In  l''ebruar\-,  1899,  Mrs.  II.  H.  Crouse  was 
commissioned  to  represent  the  society  on  the  Rainy  Mountain  (Immanuel 
Mission)  field. 

-Miss  Everts  left  the  field  after  a year  to  pursue  a further  course  of 
study,  and  on  .\pril  8.  1896,  .Miss  Isabel  Crawford  was  transferred  from 
Elk  Creek  to  Saddle  Mountain;  in  October.  1897,  she  was  joined  by  Miss 
Mary  McLean.  During  the  summer  of  1899  the  Board  decided  to  trans- 
fer ^Iiss  McLean  to  the  immediate  fields  of  the  Rainy  Mountain  and  Elk 
Creek  churches,  and  to  send  Miss  Katherine  Bare  to  Miss  Crawford,  and 
employ  Lucius  .\itsan  as  full  time  interpreter  and  helper.  Miss  Bard 
resigned  in  1904.  and  Miss  Rusha  Davis  was  sent  to  Miss  Crawford’s 
assistance  in  December  of  that  year.  Miss  Davis  was  called  from  the 
field  by  sickness  in  her  home,  and  December  i,  1905,  Mrs.  George  Top- 
ping was  sent  to  relieve  Miss  Crawford,  esi)ccially  in  the  care  of  the 
home. 

Mrs.  George  Topping,  with  .\mog  .\itsan  as  interpreter,  is  among  the 
Kiowas  at  .Saddle  Mount.iin,  ( )klahoma. 

co\r.\.N(  iiKS. 

In  November,  1893,  Miss  Ida  M.  Schofield  and  Miss  Maria  Corrielle 
were  sent  to  the  Comanches,  with  headquarters  at  the  Comanche  Baptist 
Mission,  twelve  miles  from  h'ort  Sill,  Oklahoma.  Lameness  occasioned 
by  a fall  from  a pony  compelled  Miss  Corrielle  to  relinquish  a work 
she  loved,  and  Miss  Lydia  Birkholz,  October  25,  1895,  succeeded.  She 
remained  in  the  field  until  June,  1898.  Miss  Sadie  Bonham  served  on 
this  field  for  a year,  and  Mrs.  E.  C.  Deyo  was  commissioned  in  Janu- 
ary, 1900.  The  society  has  no  workers  at  present  among  the  Comanches. 

CHEYENNES  AND  ARAPAHOES. 

In  November.  1896.  Miss  Emma  Spanswick  and  ^liss  Mary  P.  Jayne 
were  sent  to  labor  .iniong  the  Cheyennes  and  .Arapahoes  of  ( )klahoina  with 


r_> 


HOMK  MISSKJN  LESSON 


headquarters  at  Watonga.  November  i,  1897,  Miss  Hattie  Everts  was 
sent  to  assist  Miss  Jayne  at  Watonga,  and  Miss  Spanswick  transferred 
to  the  Kinglisher  District.  Miss  Everts'  health  failed,  and  she  left  the 
held  July  4,  1898,  Miss  Abigail  Johnson  reaching  the  held  as  her  succes- 
sor October  19,  1898.  Miss  Spanswick  resigned  in  February,  1809,  and 
March  2d  became  the  wife  of  P.  C.  Piepgrass.  Miss  Johnson  was  sent  to 
the  Hopis  in  1904.  In  November,  1905,  Miss  Jayne  was  detailed  to  do 
general  work  in  Oklahoma  Territory,  and  in  December  of  the  same  year 
Miss  Lillie  Corwin  was  appointed  to  take  up  work  on  the  Cheyenne  and 
Arapahoe  helds. 

Miss  Jayne  is  to-day  still  working  among  the  Cheyennes  and  Arapahoes 
at  Watonga,  Oklahoma.  Miss  Corwin  is  now  working  among  the  Piutes 
in  Reno,  Nevada. 

HOPIS  OR  MOKIS. 

Sunlight  Mission,  among  the  Hopi  Indians  of  Arizona,  was  opened 
as  a mission  of  the  Women’s  Baptist  Home  Mission  Society,  November 
12,  1901,  with  Miss  Mary  McLean  as  missionary.  She  was  joined  March 
I,  1902,  by  Miss  Maryetta  J.  Reeside,  whose  health  was  so  much  better 
that  she  ventured  to  render  this  service  of  helping  Miss  McLean  get 
started.  She  remained  until  the  arrival  of  Miss  Adella  Williams,  August 
25,  1902,  released  her.  The  mission  was  opened  on  the  second  mesa, 
hut  in  December,  1902,  Miss  Ida  M.  Schofield,  transferred  from  the  Com- 
anche mission,  and  jMiss  Abigail  Johnson,  from  the  Cheyenne,  were  sent 
to  the  first  mesa.  In  the  fall  of  1904  Miss  Wiliams  was  tranferred  to 
Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  and  Miss  Mary  Kelly  appointed  to  assist  Miss 
McLean.  In  August,  1906,  ^liss  Kell\-  was  called  from  the  field  to  visit 
churches  in  Illinois,  and  Miss  McLean  secured  a native  helper.  This 
mission  is  the  outshining  of  gospel  light  at  Saddle  Mountain,  and  since 
its  opening  other  Kiowa  and  also  Comanche  and  Cheyenne  Christians  have 
generously  contributed  toward  its  support. 

The  Woman’s  American  Baptist  Home  Mission  Society  supports  teach- 
ers in  the  Baptist  schools  in  Indian  Territory. 

Miss  McLean  is  now  located  on  the  second  mesa  and  Miss  Abigail 
Johnson  on  the  first  mesa. 

Miss  Ida  M.  Scofield  and  Miss  Emma  Christensen  are  working  among 
the  Mono  Indians  in  Aubery,  California. 

HELPFUL  LITER.-VTURE. 

Historical  Skelches  of  the  work  of  the  Woman's  .\merican  Baptist 


Home  Mission  Societj-. 

1.  Among  Civilized  Indians  loc. 

2.  Among  Uncivilized  Tribes  loc. 

The  Trio  at  Rainy  Mountain 15c. 

The  Heroine  of  Saddle  Mountain 15c. 

From  Tent  to  Chapel  at  Saddle  Mountain 15c. 

Sunlight  Mission  Among  Hohis.  Three  pamphlets,  each....  5c. 

Send  orders  to 


THE  WOM.\n’s  AMERIC.\N  B.^PTIST  HOME  MISSION  SOCIETY. 

2969  \’ernon  Ave.,  Chicago. 


Price,  2 cents. 


